Temples for Tomorrow
An Online Project in African American Literature


We build our temples for tomorrow, as strong as we know how and we stand on the top of the mountain, free within ourselves.
--Langston Hughes

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Danzy Senna
I always identified as black. That was, I think, the only choice for me. The other choice wasn’t psychologically healthy for me, because my whole family didn’t have that option. So I think black was my identity, and in many ways still is, though I think of black and mixed as related in a complicated way. I think of myself as mixed, and I think of myself as part of a long history of African-American writers, so I don’t see them as so distinct as people do these days.
--Danzy Senna
Biography-Criticism
Danzy Senna was born in 1970 in Boston, Massachusetts to Fanny Howe (a poet) and Carl Senna (a writer and activist).  The racial battleground of 1970s Boston, a place her mother described as the worst place to raise biracial children, served as the backdrop of her childhood.

Senna graduated with honors from Stanford University in 1992 and received an MFA from the University of California at Irvine in 1996.   She worked as a writer and researcher for several major magazines before publishing her first novel, Caucasia, in 1999.  The novel follows the life of Birdie Lee, a young biracial girl whose racially indeterminate features serve as a racial Rorschach for those around her.  Widely praised for its avoidance of the usual extremes associated with the depiction of racial themes and for going beyond the "tragic mulatto" stereotype, Caucasia was a success with readers and critics alike.  The book won Book of the Month Club's Stephen Crane First Fiction Award and Senna received the Whiting Award in 2002.

Feeling the pressures of success, Senna stopped writing for two years after the publication of Caucasia.  Her second novel, Symptomatic, a psychological thriller rooted in the very extremes she avoids in Caucasia, was published in 2004.   She is currently at work on a non-fiction memoir of her mysterious grandmother.

In addition to fiction, Senna writes often on issues of race, identity, and gender.  She currently holds the Jenks' Chair of Contemporary American Letters at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Mass. 
 

Selected Bibliography

Works by the Author
Caucasia, 1999
Symptomatic, 2004
"The Mulatto Millennium" (published in Half+Half), 1998
"To Be Real" (published in To Be Real), 1995

Works about the Author
Boudreau, Brenda.  "Letting the Body Speak: 'Becoming' White in Caucasia."  Modern    Language Studies (2002) 32.1: 59-70.

Hunter, Michele.  "Revisiting the Third Space: Reading Danzy Senna's Caucasia." Literature and Racial Ambiguity.  Eds. Teresa Hubel and Neil Brooks.  Amsterdam, Netherlands: Rodopi, 2002. 297-316

Milian Arias, Claudia M.  "An Interview with Danzy Senna." Callaloo: A Journal of African-American and African Arts and Letters (2002) 25.2: 447-52. 
 

Related Links
http://www.penguinputnam.com/static/rguides/us/caucasia.html
Caucasia Reading Guide

http://www.africana.com/articles/qa/bk20040706danzy.asp
The Africana Q&A
 

 This page was submitted by Conseula Francis.  Please contact the editor with any questions or suggestions.



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