BIOL 453 - FINAL Cumulative Species List
31 May 2006
The A List
FAMILY	GENUS	SPECIES	MODERN NAME	COMMON NAME	IMAGES
Aceraceae	Acer	rubrum	*	red maple	leaves	samaras	young bark	mature bark
Amaryllidaceae	Hymenocallis	crassifolia	H. floridana	swamp spider lily	flowers	flowers, closer
Anacardiaceae	Rhus	copallina	Rhus copallinum	winged sumac	leaves
Aquifoliaceae	Ilex	coriacea	*	sweet gallberry	leaves
Aquifoliaceae	Ilex	glabra	*	inkberry	habit in flower
Aquifoliaceae	Ilex	opaca	*	American holly	leaves
Aquifoliaceae	Ilex	vomitoria	*	yaupon holly	leaves	habit in fruit
Arecaceae	Sabal	minor	*	dwarf palmetto	habit in flower
Arecaceae	Sabal	palmetto	*	cabbage palmetto	habit
Aristolochiaceae	Hexastylis	arifolia	*	wild ginger	leaves	flower
Asclepiadaceae	Asclepias	amplexicaulis	*	curly milkweed	flowers	leaves
Asclepiadaceae	Asclepias	humistrata	*	sandhills milkweed	habit in flower	flowers, close
Asclepiadaceae	Asclepias	tuberosa	*	butterfly weed	flowers
Aspidiaceae	Polystichum	acrostichoides	Dryopteridaceae	Christmas fern	habit	sori
Aspleniaceae	Asplenium	platyneuron	*	ebony spleenwort	habit
Asteraceae	Chaptalia	tomentosa	*	sunbonnets	habit	habit with pink	close
Asteraceae	Eupatorium	capillifolium	*	dog fennel	basal leaves	habit, late summer
Asteraceae	Heterotheca	graminifolia	Pityopsis graminifolia	grass-leaved goldenaster	leaves	panicle
Asteraceae	Iva	imbricata	*	seashore elder	habit	leaves
Asteraceae	Pterocaulon	pycnostachyum	Pterocaulon virgatum	blackroot	habit in flower	flowers, close
Betulaceae	Alnus	serrulata	*	tag alder	sorry, no photo
Betulaceae	Betula	lenta	*	sweet birch	leaves	bark
Bignoniaceae	Anisostichus	capreolata	Bignonia capreolata	cross-vine	habit	flowers
Bignoniaceae	Campsis	radicans	*	trumpet creeper	leaves	flowers, side	flowers, front
Blechnaceae	Woodwardia	areolata	*	netted chain fern	habit	older
Blechnaceae	Woodwardia	virginica	*	Virginia chain fern	leaves
Brassicaceae	Cakile	harperi	C. edentula ssp. harperi	sea rocket	flowers	fruits
Bromeliaceae	Tillandsia	usneoides	*	Spanish moss	leaves
Cactaceae	Opuntia	compressa	Opuntia ficus-indica	prickly pear	habit in fruit	flower
Caprifoliaceae	Lonicera	japonica	*	Japanese honeysuckle	habit in flower	young pectinate leaves
Chenopodiaceae	Salsola	kali	*	Russian thistle	habit	close	dry
Clethraceae	Clethra	alnifolia	*	sweet pepperbush	leaves	habit in flower	flowers, close	fruit remnants
Commelinaceae	Tradescantia	rosea	Callisia graminea	roseling	flowers, close
Cornaceae	Cornus	florida	*	flowering dogwood	leaves	flowers	bark	fruit	fall leaves
Cupressaceae	Chamaecyparis	thyoides	*	Atlantic white cedar	leaves	bark
Cupressaceae	Juniperus	virginiana	*	eastern red cedar	mature leaves	cones
Cyrillaceae	Cyrilla	racemiflora	*	titi	habit in flower
Droseraceae	Drosera	spp.	*	sundew	leaves	flowers	flower, close
Ebenaceae	Diospyros	virginiana	*	persimmon	leaves	bark	fruit
Ericaceae	Gaylussacia	dumosa	*	dwarf huckleberry	habit in flower
Ericaceae	Gaylussacia	frondosa	*	dangleberry	leaves
Ericaceae	Kalmia	latifolia	*	mountain laurel	leaves	flowers	capsules
Ericaceae	Lyonia	lucida	*	fetterbush	leaves
Ericaceae	Lyonia	mariana	*	stagger-bush	flowers	habit in flower
Ericaceae	Rhododendron	minus	*	punctatum	flowers	flowers	habit in flower
Ericaceae	Vaccinium	arboreum	*	sparkleberry	leaves	habit in flower	flowers, close
Eriocaulaceae	Eriocaulon	decangulare	*	bogbuttons	flowers	leaves	flowers, close
Euphorbiaceae	Cnidoscolus	stimulosus	*	stinging nettle	habit in flower	flowers, close	hairs
Euphorbiaceae	Croton	punctatus	*	silver-leaf croton	leaves	close
Euphorbiaceae	Sapium	sebiferum	Triadica sebifera	popcorn tree	leaves	habit	habit in bud	seedlings!!!
Fabaceae	Cercis	canadensis	*	redbud	leaves	flowers	fruit
Fabaceae	Lupinus	villosus	*	lady lupine	habit in flower	flowers, close	fruits
Fabaceae	Rhynchosia	reniformis	*	dollarleaf	habit in flower
Fabaceae	Tephrosia	virginiana	*	goat's rue	habit in flower	flowers, close	fruits
Fagaceae	Castanea	dentata	*	American chestnut	leaves
Fagaceae	Castanea	pumila	*	chinqupin	flowers	fruit
Fagaceae	Fagus	grandifolia	*	American beech	leaves	bark
Fagaceae	Quercus	alba	*	white oak	leaves	leaf, close	bark
Fagaceae	Quercus	laevis	*	turkey oak	leaves	leaf, close
Fagaceae	Quercus	laurifolia	*	laurel oak	leaves
Fagaceae	Quercus	margaretta	Q. margarettiae	scrubby post oak	leaves
Fagaceae	Quercus	marilandica	*	blackjack oak	leaves
Fagaceae	Quercus	michauxii	*	swamp chestnut oak	leaves
Fagaceae	Quercus	stellata	*	post oak	leaves
Fagaceae	Quercus	virginiana	*	live oak	leaves	trunk
Hamamelidaceae	Liquidambar	styraciflua	*	sweet gum	leaves
Iridaceae	Iris	virginica	*	blue flag iris	flower	leaves
Juglandaceae	Carya	spp.	*	hickory	leaves
Lamiaceae	Scutellaria	integrifolia	*	narrow leaved skullcap	flowers
Lauraceae	Persea	borbonia	*	red bay	leaves
Liliaceae	Aletris	farinosa	*	white colicroot	flowers	flowers, close	leaves
Liliaceae	Smilax	auriculata	Smilacaceae	dunes greenbrier	leaves	fruits
Liliaceae	Smilax	bona-nox	Smilacaceae	greenbrier	leaves
Liliaceae	Smilax	laurifolia	Smilacaceae	bamboo vine	habit with tendrils	habit
Liliaceae	Yucca	gloriosa	Agavaceae	Spanish bayonet	habit	leaf margin	habit, tall
Loganiaceae	Gelsemium	sempervirens	*	Carolina jessamine	habit	flowers
Lycopodiaceae	Lycopodium	alopecuroides	Lycopodiella alopecuroides	foxtail clubmoss	habit	closer
Magnoliaceae	Liriodendron	tulipifera	*	yellow poplar	leaf	bud scales	flower
Magnoliaceae	Magnolia	grandiflora	*	southern magnolia	leaves	habit	flower	fruit
Magnoliaceae	Magnolia	virginiana	*	sweet bay	flower	older flower	back of leaf
Myricaceae	Myrica	cerifera	Morella cerifera	wax myrtle	leaves	fruit
Myricaceae	Myrica	heterophylla	Morella caroliniensis	southern bayberry	habit	habit in flower	mixed with Gaylussacia frondosa
Nymphaeaceae	Nymphaea	odorata	*	fragrant water lily	habit in flower	flower, close	leaves
Nyssaceae	Nyssa	biflora	*	pond gum	leaves	habit in pond
Oleaceae	Fraxinus	spp.	*	ash	branch	buds
Ophioglossaceae	Botrychium	virginianum	*	rattlesnake fern	habit
Osmundaceae	Osmunda	cinnamomea	*	cinnamon fern	habit	habit
Osmundaceae	Osmunda	regalis	*	royal fern	leaves	reproductive	base of rachis
Papaveraceae	Sanguinaria	canadensis	*	bloodroot	leaves	flowers
Pinaceae	Pinus	glabra	*	spruce pine	leaves	cone	bark
Pinaceae	Pinus	palustris	*	longleaf pine	mature	bottlebrush	grass stage
Pinaceae	Pinus	serotina	*	pond pine	habit	leaves	epicormic sprouts	open cone	closed cone
Pinaceae	Pinus	taeda	*	loblolly pine	leaves	cone
Pinaceae	Tsuga	canadensis	*	eastern hemlock	leaves	cone	form
Poaceae	Andropogon	spp.	*	broomsedge	base of leaves
Poaceae	Arundinaria	gigantea	*	switch cane	leaves	habit along pond
Poaceae	Panicum	amarum	*	seaside panicum	habit	closer	panicle
Poaceae	Spartina	patens	*	salt hay	clump	on beach
Poaceae	Zizaniopsis	milacea	*	southern wild rice	habit in flower	flowers, closer
Polygalaceae	Polygala	lutea	*	orange milkwort	habit in flower	closer	closest
Polypodiaceae	Polypodium	polypodioides	Pleopeltis polypodioides	resurrection fern	green	dry
Pontederiaceae	Pontederia	cordata	*	pickerelweed	habit in flower	flowers, close
Portulacaceae	Talinum	teretifolium	*	fameflower	habit in flower	flowers, close	leaves	habit on outcrop
Primulaceae	Lysimachia	quadrifolia	*	whorled loosestrife	habit in flower
Pteridaceae	Pteridium	aquilinum	Dennstaedtiaceae	bracken fern	habit
Rosaceae	Prunus	angustifolia	*	chickasaw plum	habit in flower	flowers, close	fruits
Rosaceae	Prunus	serotina	*	black cherry	leaves	glands	young bark	older bark
Rosaceae	Rosa	palustris	*	swamp rose	habit in flower	flowers, closer
Rubiaceae	Mitchella	repens	*	partridge berry	habit	flowers	fruit
Sarraceniaceae	Sarracenia	flava	*	trumpet pitcher plant	habit	flower	leaves with red veins
Sarraceniaceae	Sarracenia	minor	*	hooded pitcher plant	habit	flower	fenestrations
Saururaceae	Saururus	cernuus	*	lizard's tail	leaves	flowers
Saxifragaceae	Hydrangea	arborescens	Hydrangeaceae	wild hydrangea	habit	inflorescence
Schizaeaceae	Lygodium	palmatum	Lygodiaceae	American climbing fern	leaves	juvenile leaves
Sphagnaceae	Sphagnum	spp.	*	peat moss	habit	close
Symplocaceae	Symplocos	tinctoria	*	horsesugar	leaves	flowers
Taxodiaceae	Taxodium	ascendens	*	pond cypress	leaves	habit in pond
Taxodiaceae	Taxodium	distichum	*	bald cypress	leaves	buttress
Typhaceae	Typha	latifolia	*	cat-tails	sorry, no photo
Ulmaceae	Ulmus	alata	*	winged elm	leaves	wing
Violaceae	Hybanthus	concolor	*	green violet	habit
Vitaceae	Ampelopsis	arborea	*	pepper-vine	leaf
Vitaceae	Vitis	rotundifolia	*	muscadine	leaves	young leaves
The B List
FAMILY	GENUS	SPECIES	MODERN NAME	COMMON NAME
Aceraceae	Acer	barbatum	*	southern sugar maple	leaves
Amaryllidaceae	Hymenocallis	coronaria	H. caroliniana	rocky-shoals spider lily	flower, close	shoals habit
Amaryllidaceae	Zephyranthes	atamasco	Liliaceae, Z. atamasca	atamasco lily	flower
Anacardiaceae	Rhus	radicans	Toxicodendron radicans	poison ivy	leaves
Anacardiaceae	Rhus	toxicodendron	*	poison oak	habit	leaves, close
Annonaceae	Asimina	triloba	*	pawpaw	leaves	flower	fall leaves
Apiaceae	Hydrocotyle	bonariensis	*	seaside pennywort	sorry, no photo
Araceae	Arisaema	triphyllum	*	Jack in the pulpit	leaves
Araceae	Orontium	aquaticum	*	golden club	habit in flower	fruit	habit, closer
Araceae	Peltandra	virginica	*	arrow arum	leaves	flowers	flowers, dissected
Asclepiadaceae	Asclepias	quadrifolia	*	four-leaf milkweed	habit in flower
Aspidiaceae	Onoclea	sensibilis	Dryopteridaceae	sensitive fern	leaf
Aspidiaceae	Thelypteris	noveboracensis	Thelypteridaceae	New York fern	habit
Asteraceae	Achillea	millefolium	*	yarrow	sorry, no photo
Asteraceae	Chrysogonum	virginianum	C. virginianum var. australe	green-and-gold	flowers	habit
Asteraceae	Eupatorium	compositifolium	*	dog fennel	sorry, no photo
Asteraceae	Senecio	tomentosus	Packera tomentosa	wooly ragwort	leaves
Betulaceae	Betula	nigra	*	river birch	bark
Boraginaceae	Heliotropium	amplexicaule	*	heliotrope	flowers
Brassicaceae	Raphanus	raphanistrum	*	wild radish	flowers	leaves
Cactaceae	Opuntia	drummondii	O. pusilla	devil joint	habit
Calycanthaceae	Calycanthus	florida	*	sweetshrub	habit in flower
Campanulaceae	Specularia	perfoliata	Triodanis perfoliata	Venus' looking glass	habit in flower	flower, closer
Caprifoliaceae	Sambucus	canadensis	S. nigra ssp. canadensis	elderberry	flowers	leaves
Caprifoliaceae	Viburnum	nudum	*	possum haw	leaves	revolute margin
Caprifoliaceae	Viburnum	prunifolium	*	black haw	leaves
Caryophyllaceae	Silene	virginica	*	fire pink	flowers
Caryophyllaceae	Stipulicida	setacea	*	wire plant	habit in flower
Celastraceae	Euonymus	americanus	*	heart's-a-bustin	flowers	fruit	fruit, closer
Commelinaceae	Tradescantia	subaspera	*	zig-zag spiderwort	leaves and flower	flower, closer
Cornaceae	Cornus	alternifolia	*	alternate-leaf dogwood	habit
Cyperaceae	Dichromena	colorata	Rhynchospora colorata	white-top sedge	habit	close
Cyperaceae	Dulichium	arundinaceum	*	three-way sedge	leaves
Diapensiaceae	Galax	aphylla	G. urceolata	galax	leaves	flowers	habit in flower
Dionaeaceae	Dionaea	muscipula	Droseraceae	Venus flytrap	leaves	leaves, closer	flower
Elaeagnaceae	Elaeagnus	spp. (prob. pungens)	*	autumn olive	leaves
Ericaceae	Chimaphila	maculata	Pyrolaceae	spotted wintergreen	leaves	habit in bud
Ericaceae	Epigaea	repens	*	trailing arbutus	leaves
Ericaceae	Leucothoe	axillaris var. editorum	L. fontanesiana	highland doghobble	leaves and fruit	mature capsules	flower buds
Ericaceae	Oxydendrum	arboreum	*	sourwood	leaves	flowers in bud
Ericaceae	Rhododendron	eastmanii	*	May-white azalea	habit in flower
Ericaceae	Vaccinium	crassifolium	*	creeping blueberry	habit
Ericaceae	Zenobia	pulverulenta	*	honeycups	habit, distant	flower, closer	"blue" form
Euphorbiaceae	Crotonopsis	elliptica	Croton willdenowii	outcrop rushfoil	habit	habit with red cotyledons
Euphorbiaceae	Euphorbia	corollata	*	flowering spurge	habit in flower
Euphorbiaceae	Euphorbia	ipecacuanhae	*	Carolina ipecac	habit, broad leaves	habit, narrow leaves
Euphorbiaceae	Stillingia	sylvatica	*	queen's-delight	habit in flower	close
Fabaceae	Daubentonia	punicea	Sesbania punicea	rattlebox	flowers
Fabaceae	Erythrina	herbacea	*	coral bean	flowers	leaves	fruit
Fabaceae	Lupinus	diffusus	*	sky-blue lupine	habit in flower	flowers, close	fruit
Fabaceae	Robinia	pseudoacacia	*	black locust	leaves	flowers	bark
Fabaceae	Schrankia	microphylla	Mimosa microphylla	sensitive brier	habit in flower	flowers, close
Geraniaceae	Geranium	maculatum	*	wild geranium	habit in flower	leaves
Hamamelidaceae	Hamamelis	virginiana	*	witch hazel	leaves
Hippocastanaceae	Aesculus	pavia	*	red buckeye	habit in flower	leaves	flowers	immature fruit
Lamiaceae	Physostegia	purpurea	(Dracocephalum purpureum)	obedient plant	flowers	flowers, closer
Lamiaceae	Prunella	vulgaris	*	self-heal	habit in flower
Lauraceae	Sassafras	albidum	*	sassafras	leaves
Lentibulariaceae	Utricularia	purpurea	*	purple bladderwort	flower, close
Liliaceae	Amianthum	muscaetoxicum	A. muscitoxicum	fly-poison	flowers	leaves
Liliaceae	Chamaelirium	luteum	*	fairywand	habit in flower
Liliaceae	Medeola	virginiana	*	Indian cucumber root	flowers	habit
Liliaceae	Polygonatum	biflorum	*	Solomon's seal	habit in flower
Liliaceae	Smilacina	racemosa	Maianthemum racemosum	false Solomon's-seal	habit in flower
Liliaceae	Smilax	walteri	Smilacaceae	coral greenbrier	habit in fruit	immature fruit
Liliaceae	Trillium	maculatum	*	little sweet betsy	habit in flower
Liliaceae	Yucca	aloifolia	Agavaceae	Spanish bayonet	leaves	close
Loganiaceae	Spigelia	marilandica	*	Indian pink	flowers
Loranthaceae	Phoradendron	serotinum	Viscaceae, P. leucarpum	mistletoe	habit	furit
Magnoliaceae	Magnolia	fraseri	*	umbrella tree	leaves	habit
Nyssaceae	Nyssa	sylvatica	*	black gum	leaves	form
Orchidaceae	Calopogon	pulchellus	C. tuberosus var. tuberosus	grass pink	flowers
Orchidaceae	Cleistes	divaricata	*	rosebud orchid	flower
Orchidaceae	Goodyera	pubescens	*	rattlesnake plantain	leaves
Orobanchaceae	Conopholis	americana	*	squaw-root	habit in flower
Orobanchaceae	Epifagus	virginiana	*	beechdrops	habit in fruit
Pinaceae	Pinus	strobus	*	white pine	leaves	form	cone
Pinaceae	Pinus	virginiana	*	Virginia pine	leaves and young cones	ovulate cones
Platanaceae	Platanus	occidentalis	*	sycamore	leaves	bark
Poaceae	Uniola	paniculata	*	sea oats	leaves	fruit
Polemoniaceae	Phlox	carolina	*	phlox	flowers
Rosaceae	Amelanchier	arborea	*	service berry	leaves and fruit
Rosaceae	Gillenia	trifoliata	*	Bowman's root	habit in flower
Rosaceae	Potentilla	recta	*	sulphur cinquefoil	habit in flower
Rubiaceae	Houstonia	purpurea	*	summer bluet	habit in flower	flowers, closer
Sarraceniaceae	Sarracenia	purpurea	*	frog's britches	habit	flower	leaf, close
Sarraceniaceae	Sarracenia	rubra spp. jonesii	*	mountain sweet pitcher plant	leaf and flower	flower	habit in flower
Saxifragaceae	Itea	virginica	Grossulariaceae	Virginia willow	habit in flower
Scrophulariaceae	Aureolaria	pectinata	*	sticky false foxglove	habit	flower	flower buds
Scrophulariaceae	Penstemon	australis	*	beardtongue	flowers	flowers, close
Tiliaceae	Tilia	spp.	*	basswood	leaves
Verbenaceae	Callicarpa	americana	*	beautyberry	habit in fruit	fruit, close
Verbenaceae	Verbena	carnea	Stylodon carneus	Carolina false vervain	habit in flower
Verbenaceae	Verbena	tenuisecta	Glandularia pulchella	moss verbena	flowers
Vitaceae	Vitis	aestivalis	*	summer grape	leaves	leaf back, inflorescence
The Key List
Apiaceae	Hydrocotyle	bonariensis	*	seaside pennywort	B List
Asclepiadaceae	Asclepias	quadrifolia	*	four-leaf milkweed	B List
Asclepiadaceae	Asclepias	tuberosa	*	butterfly weed	A List
Asteraceae	Achillea	millefolium	*	yarrow	B List
Boraginaceae	Heliotropium	amplexicaule	*	heliotrope	B List
Brassicaceae	Cakile	harperi	C. edentula ssp. harperi	sea rocket	A List
Brassicaceae	Raphanus	raphanistrum	*	wild radish	B List
Campanulaceae	Specularia	perfoliata	Triodanis perfoliata	Venus' looking glass	B List
Caprifoliaceae	Lonicera	japonica	*	Japanese honeysuckle	A List
Caprifoliaceae	Sambucus	canadensis	S. nigra ssp. canadensis	elderberry	B List
Commelinaceae	Tradescantia	subaspera	*	zig-zag spiderwort	B List
Cornaceae	Cornus	alternifolia	*	alternate-leaf dogwood	B List
Ericaceae	Gaylussacia	dumosa	*	dwarf huckleberry	A List
Ericaceae	Leucothoe	axillaris var. editorum	L. fontanesiana	highland doghobble	B List
Ericaceae	Rhododendron	minus	*	punctatum	A List
Fabaceae	Daubentonia	punicea	Sesbania punicea	rattlebox	B List
Fabaceae	Erythrina	herbacea	*	coral bean	B List
Lamiaceae	Prunella	vulgaris	*	self-heal	B List
Lamiaceae	Scutellaria	integrifolia	*	narrow leaved skullcap	A List
Pinaceae	Pinus	virginiana	*	Virginia pine	B List
Primulaceae	Lysimachia	quadrifolia	*	whorled loosestrife