ANTHROPOLOGY 304
Rise of Complex Civilization

Description
Using the archaeological record, Rise of Complex Civilization surveys human cultural evolution leading up to the
rise of complex society after the Pleistocene.  The basis of the course is a culture history for early farming cultures
in the Near East and Europe.  In addition to a culture history, processual issues such as the nature of post-
Pleistocene human adaptations, the origins of food production, the spread of agriculture, the rise of stratified
societies, and the development of complex political organizations will be considered in detail.

Instructor
 Dr. Maureen A. Hays
 Office - 104 88 Wentworth
 Phone - 953-6597
 email - haysm@cofc.edu
 web site - http://www.cofc.edu/~haysm/
 Office Hours - Mon, Wed, and Fri 11-12, Mon and Fri 2:15-3:15, and by appointment

Course Texts
RW = Wenke, Robert J.  1999 Patterns in Prehistory: Humankind’s First Three Million Years.  Oxford: Oxford University Press.
L = Linked readings from webpage - Print at library for ease of access.

Grading
Determined by the total of scores from 2 Exams, a Midterm (30%) and a Cumulative Final (35%), Class Participation (3%) Article Outlines (6%), 2 Presentations (4%),  and a final Group Project (22%)
           Midterm - Wednesday, February 26                30%
           Final - April 30 4-7                                         35%
           Class Participation                                             3%
           Article Outlines                                                  6%
           Presentations 2% x2                                           4%
           Group Project                                                   22%
                     Topic                            1%
                     Bibliography                  2%
                     Annotated Bibliography 5%
                     Outline                          4%
                      Presentation                 10%

Midterm  and Final Exam
The midterm and final are designed to evaluate your critical thinking skills.  They will be in essay format, and will test your ability to synthesize the material from the journal articles, discussion, and lecture.  The final is cumulative.

Class Participation
Students will be called on daily to actively participate in class discussions and group activities.

Journal Article Annotations Due in Class Day of Discussion
Throughout the semester pertinent articles from professional journals will be discussed.  Students will be expected to provide an annotation of the article to be handed in at the beginning of class.  These should be typed.  I suggest you print 2 copies so that you may turn one in and use the other for reference during the discussion.  Please follow the guidelines for the annotations. These outlines will not be accepted late.

Presentations TBA
Each student (along with several other students) will be responsible twice in the semester for presenting a specific theoretical approach to the origins of agriculture and the origins of complex civilization.  If you are not in class for your presentation you will forfeit 2% of your grade. Assignments will be made during the class prior to the presentation.  No make-ups will be given.

Oral Project TBA (Weeks 14 and 15)
Students will be responsible for presenting, with 7 other students, their topic during a 75  minute class. If you miss your oral presentation, you will forfeit 10% of your grade.  No make-ups will be given.
Oral Project Schedule
Topic                   Due: Monday February 3
Organize your presentation into sections.  I want you to each have a very specific topic to present.  Each of the following assignments will deal with your section of the presentation.

Bibliography            Due: Monday February 17
Prepare a working bibliography of at least 5 primary references.  These references will be specific to your part in the presentation.

Annotated Bibliography       Due: Monday March 17
Prepare a 1 page annotation for each of the 5 references. Please follow the same guidelines for annotations.

Outline                 Due: Monday March 31
Prepare a detailed outline for your presentation.  It must have at least 3 levels
  I.
   A.
    1.

Presentation            Due: TBA
You will present orally, along with your classmates, the results of your findings.  I suggest that you divide the labor into topic areas.  Each presentation should fill a 75 minute class period allowing 5 minutes for student questions and discussion.
Room 107 is equipped with the latest in media technology.  You should familiarize yourself with the technology (power point, slide projector, overhead, blackboard) and utilize this technology to enrich your presentation.

Make-Up Policy
If you miss an exam you must see me within one week after the exam to schedule a make-up.
There are no make-ups for oral projects.

Grading Scale
A 100-92              C+ 81-77  F 66-0
B+ 91-87              C 76-72
B 86-82                D 71-67
 

This Syllabus is subject to change.

Week 1  January 8-10
W: Introduction

Week 2  January 13-15
M: Beginning to Settle-in: The End of the Paleolithic
Climate and Terminology from the End of the Pleistocene through the Holocene
RW: pp. 206-218

W: Journal Article Discussion #1: Ecological Approaches to Interpreting Art
L: Mithen, S. To Hunt or to Paint: Animals and Art in the Upper Paleolithic.  Man 23:671-695.

Week 3  January 20-22
M: No Class  MLK Day

W: How We Recognize Domestication in the Archaeological Record
RW: pp. 268-275

Week 4  January 27-29
M: Theoretical Context: Origins Of Agriculture
Climate Change
1. Oasis Hypothesis - Childe
2. Natural Habitat Hypothesis - Braidwood
Population Pressure
3. Edge-Zone Hypothesis - Binford
RW: 268-280

W: Theoretical Context: Origins Of Agriculture
Population Pressure
4. Cohen
5. Harris
RW: 281-282
Journal Article Discussion #2: Theories on the Origins of Agriculture
L: Blumler, M.A. and R. Byrne.  1991. The Ecological Genetics of Domestication and the Origins of
Agriculture.  Current Anthropology 32: 23-54.

Week 5  February 3-5      Topic Due Monday February 3
M:Theoretical Context: Origins Of Agriculture
Social Models
6. Sahlins
7. Hayden
8. Bender
RW: 281-283

W: Theoretical Context: Origins Of Agriculture
Social Models
 9. Rindos and
Journal Article Discussion #3: Evolutionary Processes
L: Flannery, K. 1973.  The Origins of Agriculture.  Annual Review of Anthropology 2: 271-310.

Week 6  February 10-12
M: Transitions: The Mesolithic and Epipaleolithic. The beginnings of domestication.
RW: 283-292

W: Journal Article Discussion #4: Natufians
RW: 292-294
L:Belfer-Cohen, A. 1991.  The Natufian in the Levant.  Annual Review of Anthropology 20: 167-210.
RW: 294-302
Choose "proceed with printing".  Adobe should open the PDF file.  Print out of Adobe.

Week 7  February 17-19      Bibliography Due Monday February 17
M: Journal Article Discussion #5: Why Did Pottery Appear?
L:Kingery, W. David, Pamela B. Vandiver, and Martha Prickett. 1988. The Beginnings of Pyrotechnology,
Part II: Production and Use of Lime and Gypsum Plaster in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic near East. Journal of
Field Archaeology 15: 219-244.
Choose "proceed with printing".  Adobe should open the PDF file.  Print out of Adobe.

W: The Consequences of Sedentism
Linked Reading: Schultz, Emily E., and Robert H. Lavenda.   The Consequences of Domestication and Sedentism. (This
interesting piece on the effects of agriculture is from the college textbook Anthropology: A Perspective on the
Human Condition Second Edition. pp 196-200)

Week 8  February 24-26
M: Your Projects: Library and Technological Resources

W: MIDTERM EXAM

SPRING BREAK MARCH 3-7

Week 9  March 10-12
M: The Neolithic
RW: 302-305 SW Asia 386-396 Africa 438-445 Indus 484-491 China 514-520

W: Journal Article Discussion # 6: Spread of Neolithic into Europe
RW: 536-548
L: Van Andel, Tjeerd H., and Curtis N. Runnels 1995.  The Earliest Farmers in Europe.  Antiquity 69: 481-
500.

Week 10  March 17-19                Annotated Bibliography Due Monday March 17
M: The End of the Neolithic and The Megalithic Phenomena
RW: 536-548

W: Initial Complexity SW Asia
RW: 397-412

Week 11  March 24-26
M: Pre-dynastic Egypt
RW: 445-447

W: Formative Period Indus Valley
RW: 490-494

Week 12  March 31-April 2           Outline Due Monday March 31
M: The Archaeology of Complex Societies
RW: 346-352

W: Theoretical Context: Rise of Civilization
Early Typologies
RW: 331-346
Models: The Search for Cause
1. Technology
RW: 353-355
2. Irrigation
RW: 355-356

Week 13  April 7-9
M: Theoretical Context: Rise of Civilization
Models: The Search for Cause
3. Warfare, Population Growth and Environmental Circumscription
RW: 356-360
4. Marxist and Materialist
RW: 360-364
5. Contemporary Marxist Perspective
RW: 365-366
6. Cultural Evolution
RW: 366-369
7. Post-Processual Approaches
RW: 369-370
8. Holistic and Synthetic Approaches
RW: 370-374

W: Complex Societies Southwest Asia
RW: Chapter 8

Week 14  April 14-16
M: Oral Report 1 Complex Societies Egypt: Archaic (3100-2700) and Old Kingdom (2686-2181)
RW: Chapter 9

W: Oral Report 2 Complex Societies Indus Valley: Harrappan
RW: Chapter 10

Week 15  April 21-23
M: Oral Report 3 Complex Societies China
RW: Chapter 11

W: Oral Report 4 Complex Societies South Eastern US
RW: Chapter 15