Chapter 3 Geometrical Optics Outline

Homework Chapter 3 Problems 1 and 5 due Monday

Law of reflection

Frequency, speed, index of refraction

Law of refraction

Huygen's principle

Fermat's principle

Principle of reversibility

Diffuse reflection

Ideal image

Non-ideal

Optical path length

Using Fermat's Principle

Spherical refracting surface

Hyperbolic refracting surface n_o < n_I

Ellipsoid refracting surface n_o > n_I

Cartesian surface

Reflection at a spherical surface

Derive a relationship between image distance and object distance that depends on radius of curvature

1. Expansion of cosine and sine terms

2. First order approximation

3. Exterior angle relationship

4. Small angle approximation

5. Neglect small distance along axis

Refraction at spherical surface

Snell's Law

Exterior angles

Small angle approx: sin -> angle -> tangent (again, neglecting small distance on axis)

Two refractive surfaces are necessary to have an image in original medium

Thin lens: neglect the thickness of the lens